CHOP. A blow. Boxing term.

A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

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Image imitating a page from an old document, text (as in main toot): CHOP. A blow. Boxing term. A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

In anticipation of the publication of A Language Insufficiency Hypothesis in January 2026, I have created a Language Insufficiency GPT. 🤖 https://philosophics.blog/2025/12/15/meet-the-language-insufficiency-gpt/?utm_source=bluesky&utm_medium=social&utm_campaign=lih
#Language #PhilosophyOfLanguage #Meaning #Semantics #Polysemy #GPT #AI #Philosophy #LanguageInsufficiency #blog #gpt #podcast #rhetoric #communication #truth #justice

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Language Insufficiency GPT Screenshot By Bry Willis Analyses English terms and short concept phrases using the Language Insufficiency Hypothesis (LIH), diagnosing semantic stability, polysemy, connotation, and category drift in contemporary usage.

TO DRESS. To beat. I'll dress his hide neatly; I'll beat him soundly.

A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

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Image imitating a page from an old document, text (as in main toot): TO DRESS. To beat. I'll dress his hide neatly; I'll beat him soundly. A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

CLUB LAW. Argumentum bacculinum, in which an oaken stick is a better plea than an act of parliament.

A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

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Image imitating a page from an old document, text (as in main toot): CLUB LAW. Argumentum bacculinum, in which an oaken stick is a better plea than an act of parliament. A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

CLOVEN FOOT. To spy the cloven foot in any business; to discover some roguery or something bad in it: a saying that alludes to a piece of vulgar superstition, which is, that, let the Devil transform himself into what shape he will, he cannot hide his cloven foot

A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

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Image imitating a page from an old document, text (as in main toot): CLOVEN FOOT. To spy the cloven foot in any business; to discover some roguery or something bad in it: a saying that alludes to a piece of vulgar superstition, which is, that, let the Devil transform himself into what shape he will, he cannot hide his cloven foot A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

A critique of The Future of Flourishing: Toward a Dialectical Spiritual Realist Social Ontology

👉 https://philosophics.blog/2025/12/14/solidarity-as-a-local-moral-grammar/?utm_source=masto&utm_medium=social
#philosophy #ontology #essay #debate #language #morality #ethics #spiritual #chritian #perspective #ideology #authority #catholic #metaphysics #podcast #rhetoric #blog #psychology #cognition

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The Future of Flourishing TOWARD A DIALECTICAL SPIRITUAL REALIST SOCIAL ONTOLOGY A Speculative Reinterpretation of Christian Metaphysics as Inspiration for Participatory Flourishing OTTI VOGT

FLASH LINGO. The canting or slang language.

A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

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Image imitating a page from an old document, text (as in main toot): FLASH LINGO. The canting or slang language. A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

SHAM. A cheat, or trick. To cut a sham; to cheat or deceive. Shams; false sleeves to put on over a dirty shirt, or false sleeves with ruffles to put over a plain one. To sham Abram; to counterfeit sickness.

A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

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Image imitating a page from an old document, text (as in main toot): SHAM. A cheat, or trick. To cut a sham; to cheat or deceive. Shams; false sleeves to put on over a dirty shirt, or false sleeves with ruffles to put over a plain one. To sham Abram; to counterfeit sickness. A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

BAGGAGE. Heavy baggage; women and children. Also a familiar epithet for a woman; as, cunning baggage, wanton baggage, &c.

A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

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Image imitating a page from an old document, text (as in main toot): BAGGAGE. Heavy baggage; women and children. Also a familiar epithet for a woman; as, cunning baggage, wanton baggage, &c. A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

KEEPING CULLY. One who keeps a mistress, as he supposes, for his own use, but really for that of the public.

A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

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Image imitating a page from an old document, text (as in main toot): KEEPING CULLY. One who keeps a mistress, as he supposes, for his own use, but really for that of the public. A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

GLIM. A candle, or dark lantern, used in housebreaking; also fire. To glim; to burn in the hand. CANT.

A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

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Image imitating a page from an old document, text (as in main toot): GLIM. A candle, or dark lantern, used in housebreaking; also fire. To glim; to burn in the hand. CANT. A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

ARTICLES. Breeches; coat, waistcoat, and articles.

A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

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Image imitating a page from an old document, text (as in main toot): ARTICLES. Breeches; coat, waistcoat, and articles. A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

DASH. A tavern drawer. To cut a dash: to make a figure.

A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

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Image imitating a page from an old document, text (as in main toot): DASH. A tavern drawer. To cut a dash: to make a figure. A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

Hi!, I'm a bot posting selections from Francis Grose’s 1785 “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue”, a compilation of slang terms, the coded language of the underclass and the demi-monde.

[18th-century-content warning: possible racism, animal cruelty, homophobia, sexism, slut-shaming. Let me know of any problems.]

#FollowFriday #books #literature #dictionaries #history #society #crime #language #slang #18thCentury

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Montage of dictionary items posted by this account

HINNEY, MY HONEY. A north country hinney, particularly a Northumbrian: in that county, hinney is the general term of endearment.

A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

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Image imitating a page from an old document, text (as in main toot): HINNEY, MY HONEY. A north country hinney, particularly a Northumbrian: in that county, hinney is the general term of endearment. A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

The Constructivist Lens card is my favourite kind of philosophical troublemaker: a reminder that seeing is never neutral and knowledge is always built on scaffolding. MTG parody card.
👉 https://philosophics.blog/2025/12/10/contructivist-lens-parody-artefact/?utm_source=masto&utm_medium=social&utm_campaign=mtg
#Constructivism #Perspective #Epistemology #Philosophy #Psychology #Language #metaphor #Reality #truth

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Constructivist Lend: MTG parody card

HORNIFIED. Cuckolded.

A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

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Image imitating a page from an old document, text (as in main toot): HORNIFIED. Cuckolded. A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

LIVE LUMBER. A term used by sailors, to signify all landsmen on board their ships.

A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

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Image imitating a page from an old document, text (as in main toot): LIVE LUMBER. A term used by sailors, to signify all landsmen on board their ships. A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

JOCKUM GAGE. A chamber-pot, jordan, looking-glass, or member-mug. CANT.

A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

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Image imitating a page from an old document, text (as in main toot): JOCKUM GAGE. A chamber-pot, jordan, looking-glass, or member-mug. CANT. A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

DOWSE ON THE CHOPS. A blow in the face.

A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

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Image imitating a page from an old document, text (as in main toot): DOWSE ON THE CHOPS. A blow in the face. A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

GALLOWS BIRD. A grief, or pickpocket; also one that associates with them.

A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

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Image imitating a page from an old document, text (as in main toot): GALLOWS BIRD. A grief, or pickpocket; also one that associates with them. A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

SCREW. A skeleton key used by housebreakers to open a lock. To stand on the screw signifies that a door is not bolted, but merely locked.

A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

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Image imitating a page from an old document, text (as in main toot): SCREW. A skeleton key used by housebreakers to open a lock. To stand on the screw signifies that a door is not bolted, but merely locked. A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

New paper: Moral Universality and Its Discontents.
👉 https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17837774
Argument in brief: virtue ethics, deontology, consequentialism & contractualism all rely on a stability in moral vocabulary that simply doesn’t exist. Instead of universal laws, we have context-bound heuristics. If language won’t hold the theory, the theory must yield.
#philosophy #language #writing #essay #universal #morality #utility #announcement #society #communication #theory #hypothesis #essay #paper #learning

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Ancient Statues

FOOTMAN'S MAWND. An artificial sore made with unslaked lime, soap, and the rust of old iron, on the back of a beggar's hand, as if hurt by the bite or kick of a horse.

A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

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Image imitating a page from an old document, text (as in main toot): FOOTMAN'S MAWND. An artificial sore made with unslaked lime, soap, and the rust of old iron, on the back of a beggar's hand, as if hurt by the bite or kick of a horse. A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

HOGO. Corruption of haut goust, high taste, or flavour; commonly said of flesh somewhat tainted. It has a confounded hogo; it stinks confoundedly.

A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

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Image imitating a page from an old document, text (as in main toot): HOGO. Corruption of haut goust, high taste, or flavour; commonly said of flesh somewhat tainted. It has a confounded hogo; it stinks confoundedly. A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

HOPKINS. Mr. Hopkins; a ludicrous address to a lame or limping man, being a pun on the word hop.

A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

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Image imitating a page from an old document, text (as in main toot): HOPKINS. Mr. Hopkins; a ludicrous address to a lame or limping man, being a pun on the word hop. A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

STRAIT WAISTCOAT. A tight waistcoat, with long sleeves coming over the hand, having strings for binding them behind the back of the wearer: these waistcoats are used in madhouses for the management of lunatics when outrageous.

A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

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Image imitating a page from an old document, text (as in main toot): STRAIT WAISTCOAT. A tight waistcoat, with long sleeves coming over the hand, having strings for binding them behind the back of the wearer: these waistcoats are used in madhouses for the management of lunatics when outrageous. A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

BLACK BOOK. He is down in the black book, i.e. has a stain in his character. A black book is keep in most regiments, wherein the names of all persons sentenced to punishment are recorded.

A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

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Image imitating a page from an old document, text (as in main toot): BLACK BOOK. He is down in the black book, i.e. has a stain in his character. A black book is keep in most regiments, wherein the names of all persons sentenced to punishment are recorded. A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L0a8E2pTe0Q

#orthography #language #Voynich

DICKY. A woman's under-petticoat. It's all Dicky with him; i.e. it's all over with him.

A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

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Image imitating a page from an old document, text (as in main toot): DICKY. A woman's under-petticoat. It's all Dicky with him; i.e. it's all over with him. A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

Do you wœnder? Some may feel that all of my posts are nonsensical.
🐉 https://philosophics.blog/2025/12/04/w%c9%9c%cb%90nd%c9%99/?utm_source=masto&utm_medium=social
If so, stand clear of this one – a discussion with ChatGPT on coining a nonce word that simultaneously captured 'wonder' and 'wander'. We arrived at 'wœnder'. This was entirely satirical, but NotebookLM attempted to analyse it literally.
#language #satire #wander #wonder #ai #genai #chatgpt #notebooklm #blog #podcast #confusion #perception #neologism #words #linguistics #dragons #dialogue #philosophy

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dragon map

A BLASTED FELLOW or BRIMSTONE. An abandoned rogue or prostitute. Cant.

A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

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Image imitating a page from an old document, text (as in main toot): A BLASTED FELLOW or BRIMSTONE. An abandoned rogue or prostitute. Cant. A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

Hi!, I'm a bot posting selections from Francis Grose’s 1785 “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue”, a compilation of slang terms, the coded language of the underclass and the demi-monde.

[18th-century-content warning: possible racism, animal cruelty, homophobia, sexism, slut-shaming. Let me know of any problems.]

#FollowFriday #books #literature #dictionaries #history #society #crime #language #slang #18thCentury

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Montage of dictionary items posted by this account

BREECHES BIBLE. An edition of the Bible printed in 1598, wherein it is said that Adam and Eve sewed figleaves together, and made themselves breeches.

A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

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Image imitating a page from an old document, text (as in main toot): BREECHES BIBLE. An edition of the Bible printed in 1598, wherein it is said that Adam and Eve sewed figleaves together, and made themselves breeches. A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

I've refined the maths for my Transductive Subjectivity thesis, if you're into that sort of thing. Whilst the simple model works, the advanced model tells the story in more detail, where the slices of episodic self emerge to future slices by being acted on and transduced by the current self (Si), relative forces (Ri), and the update rule (Fi). More detail on the blog.
https://philosophics.blog/2025/12/03/refining-transductive-subjectivity/?utm_source=x&utm_medium=social
#philosophy #psychology #maths #agency #identity #self #models #language #blog

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maths equations. More info on blog.

HARMAN BECK. A beadle. CANT.

A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

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Image imitating a page from an old document, text (as in main toot): HARMAN BECK. A beadle. CANT. A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

BOWYER. One that draws a long bow, a dealer in the marvellous, a teller of improbable stories, a liar: perhaps from the wonderful shots frequently boasted of by archers.

A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

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Image imitating a page from an old document, text (as in main toot): BOWYER. One that draws a long bow, a dealer in the marvellous, a teller of improbable stories, a liar: perhaps from the wonderful shots frequently boasted of by archers. A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)