NOTE. He changed his note; he told another sort of a story.

A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

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#books #literature #dictionaries #history #society #language #slang @histodons

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Image imitating a page from an old document, text (as in main toot): NOTE. He changed his note; he told another sort of a story. A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

What Do the Protests Achieve? | Learn Albanian with Reddit Post Translation

Post from a month ago, but translates something that Albanians are posting online about what the protest is about.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JfqGzeXcjAo

#Albania #USpol #Corruption #Balkans #Europe #FlamingoRevolution #Environment #Language

BELCHER. A red silk handkerchief, intermixed with yellow and a little black. The kiddey flashes his belcher; the young fellow wears a silk handkerchief round his neck.

A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

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#books #literature #dictionaries #history #society #language #slang @histodons

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Image imitating a page from an old document, text (as in main toot): BELCHER. A red silk handkerchief, intermixed with yellow and a little black. The kiddey flashes his belcher; the young fellow wears a silk handkerchief round his neck. A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

JARVIS. A hackney coachman.

A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

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#books #literature #dictionaries #history #society #language #slang @histodons

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Image imitating a page from an old document, text (as in main toot): JARVIS. A hackney coachman. A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

DOWSER. Vulgar pronunciation of DOUCEUR.

A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

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#books #literature #dictionaries #history #society #language #slang @histodons

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Image imitating a page from an old document, text (as in main toot): DOWSER. Vulgar pronunciation of DOUCEUR. A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

TO CLIP. To hug or embrace: to clip and cling. To clip the coin; to diminish the current coin. To clip the king's English; to be unable to speak plain through drunkenness.

A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

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#books #literature #dictionaries #history #society #language #slang @histodons

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Image imitating a page from an old document, text (as in main toot): TO CLIP. To hug or embrace: to clip and cling. To clip the coin; to diminish the current coin. To clip the king's English; to be unable to speak plain through drunkenness. A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

USED UP. Killed: a military saying, originating from a message sent by the late General Guise, on the expedition at Carthagena, where he desired the commander in chief to order him some more grenadiers, for those he had were all used up.

A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

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#books #literature #dictionaries #history #society #language #slang @histodons

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Image imitating a page from an old document, text (as in main toot): USED UP. Killed: a military saying, originating from a message sent by the late General Guise, on the expedition at Carthagena, where he desired the commander in chief to order him some more grenadiers, for those he had were all used up. A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

This sequence is intended as a conceptual decomposition:

world event or stimulus → salience → attention → embodied presentation → perception or event construction → apprehension as ‘an experience’ → conceptual framing → verbal representation

https://brywillis634737.substack.com/p/before-the-word-the-model
#philosophy #language #experience #video #blog #substack #mind #perception #linguistics #determinism #thought #realism #reality #consciousness #vocabulary #cognition #biology #speech #mediation #model #neuroscience #flow #cognitive

CLOUTED SHOON. Shoes tipped with iron.

A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

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#books #literature #dictionaries #history #society #language #slang @histodons

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Image imitating a page from an old document, text (as in main toot): CLOUTED SHOON. Shoes tipped with iron. A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

BLIND CHEEKS. The breech. Buss blind cheeks; kiss mine arse.

A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

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#books #literature #dictionaries #history #society #language #slang @histodons

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Image imitating a page from an old document, text (as in main toot): BLIND CHEEKS. The breech. Buss blind cheeks; kiss mine arse. A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

The AI-authorship debate is bollox.

https://brywillis634737.substack.com/p/human-factors-in-authorship

The LLM-versus-human debate has been raging for several years now, and there seem to be two principal camps: human exceptionalists and agnostics. I suppose there may also be a small, misanthropic faction, but its members are remarkably quiet.

#philosophy #blog #substack #podcast #pangram #authenticity #quality #facticity #dashboard #authorship #writing #publishing #media #language #llms #artificialintelligence #debate #exceptionalism

BRUISER. A boxer; one skilled in the art of boxing - also an inferior workman among chasers.

A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

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#books #literature #dictionaries #history #society #language #slang @histodons

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Image imitating a page from an old document, text (as in main toot): BRUISER. A boxer; one skilled in the art of boxing - also an inferior workman among chasers. A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

ICYMI

Read all about Israeli Food & Drink Words you’ve been using all along.

Then go get something to eat because you’ll be hungry!

https://open.substack.com/pub/hebrewbyinbal/p/learn-hebrew-for-foodies-over-100?r=2at7n8&utm_medium=ios

#IsraeliFoods #Foodie #LearnHebrew #Language #Kosher

GLIMMER. Fire. CANT.

A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

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#books #literature #dictionaries #history #society #language #slang @histodons

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Image imitating a page from an old document, text (as in main toot): GLIMMER. Fire. CANT. A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

AUTEM MORT. A married woman; also a female beggar with several children hired or borrowed to excite charity. CANT.

A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

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#books #literature #dictionaries #history #society #language #slang @histodons

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Image imitating a page from an old document, text (as in main toot): AUTEM MORT. A married woman; also a female beggar with several children hired or borrowed to excite charity. CANT. A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

PIN. In or to a merry pin; almost drunk: allusion to a sort of tankard, used in the north, having silver pegs or pins set at equal distances from the top to the bottom:every person drinking out of one of these tankards, was to swallow the quantity contained between two pins.

A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

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#books #literature #dictionaries #history #society #language #slang @histodons

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Image imitating a page from an old document, text (as in main toot): PIN. In or to a merry pin; almost drunk: allusion to a sort of tankard, used in the north, having silver pegs or pins set at equal distances from the top to the bottom:every person drinking out of one of these tankards, was to swallow the quantity contained between two pins. A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

NICKNAME. A name given in ridicule or contempt: from the French nom de niqne. Niqne is a movement of the head to mark a contempt for any person or thing.

A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

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#books #literature #dictionaries #history #society #language #slang @histodons

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Image imitating a page from an old document, text (as in main toot): NICKNAME. A name given in ridicule or contempt: from the French nom de niqne. Niqne is a movement of the head to mark a contempt for any person or thing. A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

Hi!, I'm a bot posting selections from Francis Grose’s 1785 “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue”, a compilation of slang terms, the coded language of the underclass and the demi-monde.

[18th-century-content warning: possible racism, animal cruelty, homophobia, sexism, slut-shaming. Let me know of any problems.]

#FollowFriday #books #literature #dictionaries #history #society #crime #language #slang #18thCentury

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Montage of dictionary items posted by this account

I was distracted by the notion of colonialism today, so I took some notes. We tend to treat colonialism as pertaining to countries 'out there' – 'over there'. If we are victims of colonisation, the oppressor is 'out there' but looking in.

📝 https://substack.com/@brywillis634737/note/c-299870495?utm_source=notes-share-action&r=pvxh5

🎧 https://open.spotify.com/episode/4mNHkZWfXKDyCC5Ljsj758?si=Yd41XyNVRbSUcwXmzP8oKA

#philosophy #politics #power #language #colonialism #control #foucault #mbembe #marx #heidegger #fanon #perspective #podcast #blog #substack #spotify #culture #empire #hegemony #essay

In this follow-up to the Merits of Meritocracy, I delved a little deeper into Trump and Plato's Republic.
https://philosophics.blog/2026/07/22/the-merits-of-meritocracy/?utm_source=masto&utm_medium=social
#philosophy #merit #business #linkedin #meritocracy #video #podcast #substack #politics #language #culture #dei #promotions #statistics #heuristics

I've been wittering on about the history and failings of Meritocracy, but I hadn't drafted a version for Substack.
👉 https://brywillis634737.substack.com/p/the-merits-of-meritocracy

I've purposely left Trump, but clearly he's a central figure in this perspective. Very few situations merit meritocracy as a lens, but we seem to overextend it. It is certainly overrepresented in business.

#philosophy #merit #business #linkedin #meritocracy #video #podcast #substack #politics #language #culture #dei #promotions #statistics #heuristics

LEFT-HANDED WIFE. A concubine; an allusion to an ancient German custom, according to which, when a man married his concubine, or a woman greatly his inferior, he gave her his left hand.

A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

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#books #literature #dictionaries #history #society #language #slang @histodons

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Image imitating a page from an old document, text (as in main toot): LEFT-HANDED WIFE. A concubine; an allusion to an ancient German custom, according to which, when a man married his concubine, or a woman greatly his inferior, he gave her his left hand. A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

BLEEDING CULLY. One who parts easily with his money, or bleeds freely.

A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

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#books #literature #dictionaries #history #society #language #slang @histodons

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Image imitating a page from an old document, text (as in main toot): BLEEDING CULLY. One who parts easily with his money, or bleeds freely. A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

The final video in the July Summer Event Series deal with the cost of Admissions 🤗

#Hebrew #Language #Events #JewishLife

Now I know what a computer keyboard looks like for Russians. On this notebook, the English (Latin) characters are overlaid with #Russian (Cyrillic) characters. The English alphabet has only 26 characters, while Cyrillic has 33, so to accommodate the extra letters required for Russian, some punctuation keys are overlaid with #Cyrillic.

This particular computer is running #LinuxMint, the same that I use in the #USA!

Image source: https://mastodon.social/@ElectroFetish/116538089327558590

#cats #Russia #computers #language

CROSS BUTTOCK. A particular lock or fall in the Broughtonian art, which, as Mr. Fielding observes, conveyed more pleasant sensations to the spectators than the patient.

A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

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#books #literature #dictionaries #history #society #language #slang @histodons

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Image imitating a page from an old document, text (as in main toot): CROSS BUTTOCK. A particular lock or fall in the Broughtonian art, which, as Mr. Fielding observes, conveyed more pleasant sensations to the spectators than the patient. A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

BELLOWS. The lungs.

A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

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#books #literature #dictionaries #history #society #language #slang @histodons

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Image imitating a page from an old document, text (as in main toot): BELLOWS. The lungs. A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

I’ve added some Hebrew Wall Art to the home!

It’s a gift sent from my Father in Israel. Test your knowledge, what does it say? Comment Below 👇🏻

#WordArt #WallArt #Art #Language #Fathers

ACTIVE CITIZEN. A louse.

A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

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#books #literature #dictionaries #history #society #language #slang @histodons

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Image imitating a page from an old document, text (as in main toot): ACTIVE CITIZEN. A louse. A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

WHIFFLERS. Ancient name for fifers; also persons at the universities who examine candidates for degrees. A whiffling cur, a small yelping cur.

A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

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#books #literature #dictionaries #history #society #language #slang @histodons

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Image imitating a page from an old document, text (as in main toot): WHIFFLERS. Ancient name for fifers; also persons at the universities who examine candidates for degrees. A whiffling cur, a small yelping cur. A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

I share some thoughts about a 2024 IAI article by Paul Pietroski.

https://brywillis634737.substack.com/p/words-do-not-refer-alone

I agree with Paul directionally, but I think he could have gone further – and perhaps he has since – so I compare his view to my own in a Substack article. I'm not sure whether he'd disagree with the extensions. Check it out.

#language #philosophy #semantics #ontology #reality #words #video #podcast #blog #substack #iai #lemonade #communication #meaning

Getting back to Events in Tel Aviv, is it outdoors?

Here’s how to ask in Hebrew

#Hebrew #Language #Events #Outdoor #HebrewByInbal

COVENT GARDEN ABBESS. A bawd.

A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

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#books #literature #dictionaries #history #society #language #slang @histodons

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Image imitating a page from an old document, text (as in main toot): COVENT GARDEN ABBESS. A bawd. A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

What's real, reality, and other such questions?
https://brywillis634737.substack.com/p/real-reality-ontology-ontic-a-coordinating
#philosophy #language #ontology #reality #real #sociology #words #concepts #definitions #blog #substack #spotify #podcast #video

BARREL FEVER. He died of the barrel fever; he killed himself by drinking.

A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

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#books #literature #dictionaries #history #society #language #slang @histodons

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Image imitating a page from an old document, text (as in main toot): BARREL FEVER. He died of the barrel fever; he killed himself by drinking. A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

CLANK NAPPER. A silver tankard stealer. See RUM BUBBER.

A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

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#books #literature #dictionaries #history #society #language #slang @histodons

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Image imitating a page from an old document, text (as in main toot): CLANK NAPPER. A silver tankard stealer. See RUM BUBBER. A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

NORTHUMBERLAND. Lord Northumberland's arms; a black eye: so called in the last century.

A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

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Image imitating a page from an old document, text (as in main toot): NORTHUMBERLAND. Lord Northumberland's arms; a black eye: so called in the last century. A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

BUTTOCK BROKER. A bawd, or match-maker. CANT.

A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

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#books #literature #dictionaries #history #society #language #slang @histodons

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Image imitating a page from an old document, text (as in main toot): BUTTOCK BROKER. A bawd, or match-maker. CANT. A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

CROSS DISHONEST. A cross cove; any person who lives by stealing or in a dishonest manner.

A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

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#books #literature #dictionaries #history #society #language #slang @histodons

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Image imitating a page from an old document, text (as in main toot): CROSS DISHONEST. A cross cove; any person who lives by stealing or in a dishonest manner. A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

July Activities in Hebrew ☀️

Event, Festivals, & Attractions are in full bloom!

#LearnHebrew #SummerTime #Language #Israel #Events

HARK-YE-ING. Whispering on one side to borrow money.

A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

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#books #literature #dictionaries #history #society #language #slang @histodons

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Image imitating a page from an old document, text (as in main toot): HARK-YE-ING. Whispering on one side to borrow money. A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

I thought this article might end up just being a somewhat tired regurgitation of the well known habit English speakers have of borrowing words from other languages (and enriching English). But it does bear reading - the delegitimisation of a language, Scots in this case.

http://archive.today/2026.07.16-082942/https://www.thenational.scot/politics/26284228.english-dictionary-took-scots-words-branded-slang/

#language #Scots #delegitimisation #slang #english

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From the linked article. A man reads part of the Oxford Dictionary of English with the text How the English dictionary took Scots words and branded them 'slang THE Oxford English Dictionary (OED) has delegitimised the Scots language by adding several new “Scottish” words. While English and Scots are sister languages characterised by mutual intelligibility, they are still very much separate languages with their own grammar, syntax and words. But decades of cultural oppression persist and Scots remains reduced to either slang, or, in this case, an offshoot of English. One of the recently added Scots words is “scaffie”, meaning “raggedy”. But writing as a Scots language author who spent nine years living in England, I never once heard an English-only speaker say scaffie (also spelled as scaffy). The other recent additions to the English dictionary – including “loup” and “gowp” – are even worse. READ MORE: Bòrd na Gàidhlig invites Reform for talks after attack on Gaelic language Fiona McPherson, the Scottish executive editor at the OED, said: “It’s always special when I get to work on Scottish words, and those included in this update of the OED are evocative and familiar. “While new to the OED, [others] have long established histories. Loup and gowp are found as early as the 16th and 18th centuries respectively, meaning ‘of the heart, blood: to beat or pulse rapidly or strongly’. The later sense of ‘to throb or ache with a pulsating pain’ has also been included.” There are many things wrong with this statement. The most glaring being that the dictionary’s Scottish executive editor chose to describe these words as Scottish and not examples of the Scots language – a year on from Scots receiving legal recognition and protection for the first time in history with the Scottish Languages Act. This emphasises how far we still have to go when it comes to having Scots recognised as a leid. Especially as it has legal recognition by Unesco since 2009 and the European Charter for Minority Languages since 2001. According to the OED, for a word to be included, its development needs to be researched using sources including “newspaper archives, online forums, academic studies, magazines, law tracts, recipe books, or social media for published evidence of the word”. But if the new additions are anything to go by, the Scots origins of these words have been ignored and/or reduced. While languages mix and evolve over time and a lot of words are “loaned” from one leid to another, their origins need to be acknowledged and respected, especially by an institution with as much linguistic respect as the OED.

What do you call these? ( )

#polls #language

TIL there is an opposite of "overwhelm" :

unwhelm = to raise (s.o.) up out of being overwhelmed.

There's also, of course, the humorous verb "underwhelm."

All of this implies the existence of antiwhelm, prowhelm, interwhelm, intrawhelm, withwhelm, bywhelm, inwhelm, prewhelm, postwhelm, antewhelm, diswhelm, dyswhelm, rewhelm, forwhelm, gainwhelm, throughwhelm, and counterwhelm, among many others.

#language
#etymology

GOOSE RIDING. A goose, whose neck is greased, being suspended by the legs to a cord tied to two trees or high posts, a number of men on horseback, riding full speed, attempt to pull off the head: which if they effect, the goose is their prize.

A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

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#books #literature #dictionaries #history #society #language #slang @histodons

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Image imitating a page from an old document, text (as in main toot): GOOSE RIDING. A goose, whose neck is greased, being suspended by the legs to a cord tied to two trees or high posts, a number of men on horseback, riding full speed, attempt to pull off the head: which if they effect, the goose is their prize. A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

Hi!, I'm a bot posting selections from Francis Grose’s 1785 “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue”, a compilation of slang terms, the coded language of the underclass and the demi-monde.

[18th-century-content warning: possible racism, animal cruelty, homophobia, sexism, slut-shaming. Let me know of any problems.]

#FollowFriday #books #literature #dictionaries #history #society #crime #language #slang #18thCentury

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Montage of dictionary items posted by this account

HABERDASHER OF PRONOUNS. A schoolmaster, or usher.

A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

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Image imitating a page from an old document, text (as in main toot): HABERDASHER OF PRONOUNS. A schoolmaster, or usher. A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

DAISY KICKERS. Ostlers at great inns.

A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

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#books #literature #dictionaries #history #society #language #slang @histodons

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Image imitating a page from an old document, text (as in main toot): DAISY KICKERS. Ostlers at great inns. A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

TO CREEME. To slip or slide any thing into the hands of another. CANT.

A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

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#books #literature #dictionaries #history #society #language #slang @histodons

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Image imitating a page from an old document, text (as in main toot): TO CREEME. To slip or slide any thing into the hands of another. CANT. A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

CARBUNCLE FACE. A red face, full of pimples.

A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

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#books #literature #dictionaries #history #society #language #slang @histodons

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Image imitating a page from an old document, text (as in main toot): CARBUNCLE FACE. A red face, full of pimples. A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

PISS-PROUD. Having a false erection. That old fellow thought he had an erection, but his--was only piss-proud; said of any old fellow who marries a young wife.

A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

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#books #literature #dictionaries #history #society #language #slang @histodons

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Image imitating a page from an old document, text (as in main toot): PISS-PROUD. Having a false erection. That old fellow thought he had an erection, but his--was only piss-proud; said of any old fellow who marries a young wife. A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

With all the talk around LLMs' consciousness, I decided to chime in yet again – this time, looking at understanding.

https://brywillis634737.substack.com/p/the-250th-anniversary-of-dependence

#philosophy #epistemology #language #blog #podcast #French #understanding #artificialintelligence #llms #consciousness #exceptionalism

BLUE FLAG. He has hoisted the blue flag; he has commenced publican, or taken a public house, an allusion to the blue aprons worn by publicans. See ADMIRAL OF THE BLUE.

A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

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#books #literature #dictionaries #history #society #language #slang @histodons

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Image imitating a page from an old document, text (as in main toot): BLUE FLAG. He has hoisted the blue flag; he has commenced publican, or taken a public house, an allusion to the blue aprons worn by publicans. See ADMIRAL OF THE BLUE. A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

SHERIFF'S BALL. An execution. To dance at the sheriff's ball, and loll out one's tongue at the company; to be hanged, or go to rest in a horse's night-cap, i.e. a halter.

A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

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#books #literature #dictionaries #history #society #language #slang @histodons

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Image imitating a page from an old document, text (as in main toot): SHERIFF'S BALL. An execution. To dance at the sheriff's ball, and loll out one's tongue at the company; to be hanged, or go to rest in a horse's night-cap, i.e. a halter. A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

KATE. A picklock. 'Tis a rum kate; it is a clever picklock. CANT.

A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

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#books #literature #dictionaries #history #society #language #slang @histodons

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Image imitating a page from an old document, text (as in main toot): KATE. A picklock. 'Tis a rum kate; it is a clever picklock. CANT. A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

GOODYER'S PIG. Like Goodyer's pig; never well but when in mischief.

A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

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#books #literature #dictionaries #history #society #language #slang @histodons

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Image imitating a page from an old document, text (as in main toot): GOODYER'S PIG. Like Goodyer's pig; never well but when in mischief. A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

Why does the things happening in the USA seem so familiar…?

#USA #fascism #language #truth #freedom #victory #1984

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Donald Trump and Newsmax posting on and about Truth Social

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A news headline: "What to know about the Trump-backed Freedom Fuel Network gas stations

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Two clips from the book Nineteen Eighty-Four: "From somewhere at the bottom of a passage the smell of roasting coffee — real coffee, not Victory Coffee — came floating out into the street. Winston paused involuntarily. For perhaps two seconds he was back in the half-forgotten world of his childhood. Then a door banged, seeming to cut off the smell as abruptly as though it had been a sound." "He had lugged out a huge and fi lthy pipe which was already half full of charred tobacco. With the tobacco ration at 100 grammes a week it was seldom possible to fi ll a pipe to the top. Winston was smoking a Victory Cigarette which he held care- fully horizontal. The new ration did not start till tomorrow and he had only four cigarettes left."

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Another clip from the book: "‘Which sub is that?’ said Winston, automatically feeling for money. About a quarter of one’s salary had to be earmarked for voluntary subscriptions, which were so numerous that it was dif- fi cult to keep track of them. ‘For Hate Week. You know — the house-by-house fund. I’m treasurer for our block. We’re making an all-out effort — going to put on a tremendous show. I tell you, it won’t be my fault if old Victory Mansions doesn’t have the biggest outfi t of flags in the whole street. Two dollars you promised me.’"

BLUE BOAR. A venereal bubo.

A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

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Image imitating a page from an old document, text (as in main toot): BLUE BOAR. A venereal bubo. A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

MANUFACTURE. Liquors prepared from materials of English growth.

A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

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Image imitating a page from an old document, text (as in main toot): MANUFACTURE. Liquors prepared from materials of English growth. A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

I share my core philosophical positions on Substack.

https://brywillis634737.substack.com/p/a-provisional-map-of-my-philosophical?r=pvxh5

See map and hashtags for content guidance.

#philosophy #metaphilosophy #ontology #objectivity #selfhood #ontologicalgrammar #language #languageinsufficiency #minds #ai #artificialintelligence #ethics #agency #substack #blog #podcast #video #subjectivity #institutions #law #map #history #politics #governance

MUTE. An undertaker's servant, who stands at the door of a person lying in state: so named from being supposed mute with grief.

A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

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Image imitating a page from an old document, text (as in main toot): MUTE. An undertaker's servant, who stands at the door of a person lying in state: so named from being supposed mute with grief. A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

To NAB. To seize, or catch unawares. To nab the teaze; to be privately whipped. To nab the stoop; to stand in the pillory. To nab the rust; a jockey term for a horse that becomes restive. To nab the snow: to steal linen left out to bleach or dry. CANT.

A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

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Image imitating a page from an old document, text (as in main toot): To NAB. To seize, or catch unawares. To nab the teaze; to be privately whipped. To nab the stoop; to stand in the pillory. To nab the rust; a jockey term for a horse that becomes restive. To nab the snow: to steal linen left out to bleach or dry. CANT. A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

Hebrew Isn’t Faster!

Click to Join the Conversation or Comment “FAST” for the link 🏃🏻‍♀️

https://youtu.be/MAyUfFuik4Y?is=pPLv0--Uc98VHJYQ

#Jewish #Language #Hebrew #LanguageVideo #LearnHebrew

CONTENT. A thick liquor, in imitation of chocolate, made of milk and gingerbread.

A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

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Image imitating a page from an old document, text (as in main toot): CONTENT. A thick liquor, in imitation of chocolate, made of milk and gingerbread. A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

Hi!, I'm a bot posting selections from Francis Grose’s 1785 “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue”, a compilation of slang terms, the coded language of the underclass and the demi-monde.

[18th-century-content warning: possible racism, animal cruelty, homophobia, sexism, slut-shaming. Let me know of any problems.]

#FollowFriday #books #literature #dictionaries #history #society #crime #language #slang #18thCentury

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Montage of dictionary items posted by this account

MUGGLETONIANS. The sect or disciples of Lodowick Muggleton.

A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

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Image imitating a page from an old document, text (as in main toot): MUGGLETONIANS. The sect or disciples of Lodowick Muggleton. A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

COLD IRON. A sword, or any other weapon for cutting or stabbing. I gave him two inches of cold iron into his beef.

A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

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Image imitating a page from an old document, text (as in main toot): COLD IRON. A sword, or any other weapon for cutting or stabbing. I gave him two inches of cold iron into his beef. A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

Torpenhow Hill, England

When the Saxons arrived and asked the locals what that hill was called, the Welsh replied, “Pen,” which simply means hill in Welsh.

The Saxons, apparently not spotting they’d already been given the full answer, added their own word for hill: tor. So it became Torpen - literally Hill Hill.
@LairdOfThManor #globalmuseum #language

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Torpenhow sign

I look at patterns in LLM output. The tell is more than simple orthographic tics.

https://philosophics.blog/2026/07/07/ai-language-patterns/?utm_source=masto&utm_medium=social

#philosophy #language #llms #ai #artificialintelligence #patterns #comprehension #writing #training #history #english #learning #blog #video #critique #commentary #spelling #pronunciation #content

ARS MUSICA. A bum fiddle.

A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

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Image imitating a page from an old document, text (as in main toot): ARS MUSICA. A bum fiddle. A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

BULL'S EYE. A crown-piece.

A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

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Image imitating a page from an old document, text (as in main toot): BULL'S EYE. A crown-piece. A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

This morning I awoke thinking about sex – actually gender – of borrowed Latin words. Get your mind out of the gutter.

👉 https://brywillis634737.substack.com/p/we-still-bury-the-dead

I wrote a piece about it, but I was truly conflicted on my journey, especially as I compared English and French approaches, and a potential feminist rift.

#philosophy #language #sociolinguistics #etymology #english #french #latin #gender #writing #culture #feminism #linguistics #reform #administration

HIGH FLYERS. Tories, Jacobites.

A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

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Image imitating a page from an old document, text (as in main toot): HIGH FLYERS. Tories, Jacobites. A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

EYE. It's all my eye and Betty Martin. It's all nonsense, all mere stuff.

A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

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Image imitating a page from an old document, text (as in main toot): EYE. It's all my eye and Betty Martin. It's all nonsense, all mere stuff. A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

Cycling content for German-learners.

I Crossed Germany By Bike (Again)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tlRrej2zmqY #Germany #BikeTooter #Language #Fahrrad

BALSAM. Money.

A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

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Image imitating a page from an old document, text (as in main toot): BALSAM. Money. A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

GULLGROPERS. Usurers who lend money to the gamesters.

A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

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Image imitating a page from an old document, text (as in main toot): GULLGROPERS. Usurers who lend money to the gamesters. A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

STOCK JOBBERS. Persons who gamble in Exchange Alley, by pretending to buy and sell the public funds, but in reality only betting that they will be at a certain price, at a particular time.

A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

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Image imitating a page from an old document, text (as in main toot): STOCK JOBBERS. Persons who gamble in Exchange Alley, by pretending to buy and sell the public funds, but in reality only betting that they will be at a certain price, at a particular time. A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

SIMEONITES, (at Cambridge,) the followers of the Rev. Charles Simeon, fellow of King's College, author of Skeletons of Sermons, and preacher at Trinity church; they are in fact rank methodists.

A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

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Image imitating a page from an old document, text (as in main toot): SIMEONITES, (at Cambridge,) the followers of the Rev. Charles Simeon, fellow of King's College, author of Skeletons of Sermons, and preacher at Trinity church; they are in fact rank methodists. A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

ROUGH MUSIC. Saucepans, frying-paps, poker and tongs, marrow-bones and cleavers, bulls horns, &c. beaten upon and sounded in ludicrous processions.

A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

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Image imitating a page from an old document, text (as in main toot): ROUGH MUSIC. Saucepans, frying-paps, poker and tongs, marrow-bones and cleavers, bulls horns, &c. beaten upon and sounded in ludicrous processions. A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

TO QUEER. To puzzle or confound. I have queered the old full bottom; i.e. I have puzzled the judge. To queer one's ogles among bruisers; to darken one's day lights.

A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

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Image imitating a page from an old document, text (as in main toot): TO QUEER. To puzzle or confound. I have queered the old full bottom; i.e. I have puzzled the judge. To queer one's ogles among bruisers; to darken one's day lights. A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

HUM TRUM. A musical instrument made of a mopstick, a bladder, and some packthread, thence also called a bladder and string, and hurdy gurdy; it is played on like a violin, which is sometimes ludicrously called a humstrum; sometimes, instead of a bladder, a tin canister is used.

A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

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Image imitating a page from an old document, text (as in main toot): HUM TRUM. A musical instrument made of a mopstick, a bladder, and some packthread, thence also called a bladder and string, and hurdy gurdy; it is played on like a violin, which is sometimes ludicrously called a humstrum; sometimes, instead of a bladder, a tin canister is used. A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

🆕 blog! “This blog is written in en-GB”

Someone left a comment on my blog recently asking if I'd mind making my language more inclusive. They didn't get some of the cultural references I'd used and suggested it would be easier if I used tropes which were more globally known.

Here's the thing. No.

All my blog posts start with a simple declaration:

<!doctype html>
<html…

👀 Read more: https://shkspr.mobi/blog/2026/07/this-blog-is-written-in-en-gb/
⸻
#blogging #English #language

CLYSTER PIPE. A nick name for an apothecary.

A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

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Image imitating a page from an old document, text (as in main toot): CLYSTER PIPE. A nick name for an apothecary. A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

Hi!, I'm a bot posting selections from Francis Grose’s 1785 “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue”, a compilation of slang terms, the coded language of the underclass and the demi-monde.

[18th-century-content warning: possible racism, animal cruelty, homophobia, sexism, slut-shaming. Let me know of any problems.]

#FollowFriday #books #literature #dictionaries #history #society #crime #language #slang #18thCentury

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Montage of dictionary items posted by this account

Les Années Vécues
https://philosophics.blog/2026/07/01/les-annees-vecues/?utm_source=masto&utm_medium=social
I’ve shared a piece of fiction writing meta content and the rôle of LLMs in my writing workflow, in particular, a punch list to track idea instantiation. I don’t, however, discuss my fondness for diacritical marks, especially those with no phonetic function.
#philosophy #writing #fiction #timetravel #LLM #scifi #process #author #time #blof #podcast #language #workflow #frnech #english #shortstory #method #ai #matrix #spreadsheet #google #claude #chatgpt

NIGHTINGALE. A soldier who, as the term is, sings out at the halberts. It is a point of honour in some regiments, among the grenadiers, never to cry out, become nightingales, whilst under the discipline of the cat of nine tails; to avoid which, they chew a bullet.

A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

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Image imitating a page from an old document, text (as in main toot): NIGHTINGALE. A soldier who, as the term is, sings out at the halberts. It is a point of honour in some regiments, among the grenadiers, never to cry out, become nightingales, whilst under the discipline of the cat of nine tails; to avoid which, they chew a bullet. A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

BADGE-COVES. Parish Pensioners. Cant.

A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

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Image imitating a page from an old document, text (as in main toot): BADGE-COVES. Parish Pensioners. Cant. A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

BELLOWSER. Transportation for life: i.e. as long.

A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

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Image imitating a page from an old document, text (as in main toot): BELLOWSER. Transportation for life: i.e. as long. A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

GINGERBREAD WORK. Gilding and carving: these terms are particularly applied by seamen on board Newcastle colliers, to the decorations of the sterns and quarters of West-Indiamen, which they have the greatest joy in defacing.

A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

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Image imitating a page from an old document, text (as in main toot): GINGERBREAD WORK. Gilding and carving: these terms are particularly applied by seamen on board Newcastle colliers, to the decorations of the sterns and quarters of West-Indiamen, which they have the greatest joy in defacing. A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

MADAM. A kept madam; a kept mistress.

A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

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Image imitating a page from an old document, text (as in main toot): MADAM. A kept madam; a kept mistress. A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

Rival Patrons in French and English
https://youtu.be/Yp-GxhOU0fc
#language #french #english #satire #patron #boss #restaurants #trivia

NIG. The clippings of money. Nigging; clipping. Nigler, a clipper. Cant.

A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

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Image imitating a page from an old document, text (as in main toot): NIG. The clippings of money. Nigging; clipping. Nigler, a clipper. Cant. A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

COCK HOIST. A cross buttock.

A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

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Image imitating a page from an old document, text (as in main toot): COCK HOIST. A cross buttock. A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

GUMPTION, or RUM GUMPTION. Docility, comprehension, capacity.

A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

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Image imitating a page from an old document, text (as in main toot): GUMPTION, or RUM GUMPTION. Docility, comprehension, capacity. A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

The Viking word hidden in the Declaration of American Independence.
From Roman freedom to Viking happiness, the iconic words in the Declaration of Independence reveal thousands of years of humans wrestling with how to live well together – and the power of language to put those ideas into action.
https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20260625-the-ancient-words-in-declaration-of-independence-and-how-they-arrived-in-english #USA250 #Vikings #language

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Vikings illustration

CROCUS, or CROCUS METALLORUM. A nick name for a surgeon of the army and navy.

A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

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Image imitating a page from an old document, text (as in main toot): CROCUS, or CROCUS METALLORUM. A nick name for a surgeon of the army and navy. A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

GOOSEBERRY. He played up old gooseberry among them; said of a person who, by force or threats, suddenly puts an end to a riot or disturbance.

A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

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Image imitating a page from an old document, text (as in main toot): GOOSEBERRY. He played up old gooseberry among them; said of a person who, by force or threats, suddenly puts an end to a riot or disturbance. A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

LOUSE BAG. A black bag worn to the hair or wig.

A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

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Image imitating a page from an old document, text (as in main toot): LOUSE BAG. A black bag worn to the hair or wig. A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

LOUSE BAG. A black bag worn to the hair or wig.

A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

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Image imitating a page from an old document, text (as in main toot): LOUSE BAG. A black bag worn to the hair or wig. A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

BUG. A nick name given by the Irish to Englishmen; bugs having, as it is said, been introduced into Ireland by the English.

A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

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Image imitating a page from an old document, text (as in main toot): BUG. A nick name given by the Irish to Englishmen; bugs having, as it is said, been introduced into Ireland by the English. A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

How reading shapes and enhances our cognitive activity

by Stephanie Baum, reviewed by Robert Egan

https://phys.org/news/2026-06-cognitive.html

Books about Comparative linguistics at PG:
https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/subject/19696

#books #cognition #language #psyco_linguistics

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This is the cover for "Introduction to the Study of the History of Language", authored by: Herbert A. Strong, M.A., LL.D. — Professor of Latin at University College, Liverpool; sometime Professor of Classics at Melbourne University Willem S. Logeman, L.H.D. — Head Master of Newton School, Rock Ferry, Cheshire Benjamin Ide Wheeler — Professor of Greek at Cornell University, U.S.A. https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/58650/pg58650-images.html

THIEF TAKERS. Fellows who associate with all kinds of villains, in order to betray them, when they have committed any of those crimes which entitle the persons taking them to a handsome reward, called blood money.

A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

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Image imitating a page from an old document, text (as in main toot): THIEF TAKERS. Fellows who associate with all kinds of villains, in order to betray them, when they have committed any of those crimes which entitle the persons taking them to a handsome reward, called blood money. A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

Hi!, I'm a bot posting selections from Francis Grose’s 1785 “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue”, a compilation of slang terms, the coded language of the underclass and the demi-monde.

[18th-century-content warning: possible racism, animal cruelty, homophobia, sexism, slut-shaming. Let me know of any problems.]

#FollowFriday #books #literature #dictionaries #history #society #crime #language #slang #18thCentury

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GUNPOWDER. An old Woman. CANT.

A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)

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Image imitating a page from an old document, text (as in main toot): GUNPOWDER. An old Woman. CANT. A selection from Francis Grose’s “Dictionary Of The Vulgar Tongue” (1785)